Monday, January 31, 2011
Sunday, January 30, 2011
Saturday, January 29, 2011
Featured Article!
Global Eruption Rocks the Sun: Scientists Re-Evaluate Ideas About Solar Storms
ScienceDaily (Jan. 28, 2011) — On August 1, 2010, an entire hemisphere of the sun erupted. Filaments of magnetism snapped and exploded, shock waves raced across the stellar surface, billion-ton clouds of hot gas billowed into space. Astronomers knew they had witnessed something big.
It was so big, it may have shattered old ideas about solar activity.
"The August 1st event really opened our eyes," says Karel Schrijver of Lockheed Martin's Solar and Astrophysics Lab in Palo Alto, CA. "We see that solar storms can be global events, playing out on scales we scarcely imagined before."
For the past three months, Schrijver has been working with fellow Lockheed-Martin solar physicist Alan Title to understand what happened during the "Great Eruption." They had plenty of data: The event was recorded in unprecedented detail by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory and twin STEREO spacecraft. With several colleagues present to offer commentary, they outlined their findings at a recent press conference at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco.
Explosions on the sun are not localized or isolated events, they announced. Instead, solar activity is interconnected by magnetism over breathtaking distances. Solar flares, tsunamis, coronal mass ejections--they can go off all at once, hundreds of thousands of miles apart, in a dizzyingly-complex concert of violence.
"To predict eruptions we can no longer focus on the magnetic fields of isolated active regions," says Title, "we have to know the surface magnetic field of practically the entire sun."
This revelation increases the work load for space weather forecasters, but it also increases the potential accuracy of their forecasts.
"The whole-sun approach could lead to breakthroughs in predicting solar activity," commented Rodney Viereck of NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center in Boulder, CO. "This in turn would provide improved forecasts to our customers such as electric power grid operators and commercial airlines, who could take action to protect their systems and ensure the safety of passengers and crew."
In a paper they prepared for the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR), Schrijver and Title broke down the Great Eruption into more than a dozen significant shock waves, flares, filament eruptions, and CMEs spanning 180 degrees of solar longitude and 28 hours of time. At first it seemed to be a cacophony of disorder until they plotted the events on a map of the sun's magnetic field:
Title describes the Eureka! moment: "We saw that all the events of substantial coronal activity were connected by a wide-ranging system of separatrices, separators, and quasi-separatrix layers." A "separatrix" is a magnetic fault zone where small changes in surrounding plasma currents can set off big electromagnetic storms.
Researchers have long suspected this kind of magnetic connection was possible. "The notion of 'sympathetic' flares goes back at least three quarters of a century," they wrote in their JGR paper. Sometimes observers would see flares going off one after another--like popcorn--but it was impossible to prove a link between them. Arguments in favor of cause and effect were statistical and often full of doubt.
"For this kind of work, SDO and STEREO are game-changers," says Lika Guhathakurta, NASA's Living with a Star Program Scientist. "Together, the three spacecraft monitor 97% of the sun, allowing researchers to see connections that they could only guess at in the past."
To wit, barely two-thirds of the August event was visible from Earth, yet all of it could be seen by the SDO-STEREO fleet. Moreover, SDO's measurements of the sun's magnetic field revealed direct connections between the various components of the Great Eruption -- no statistics required.
Much remains to be done. "We're still sorting out cause and effect," says Schrijver. "Was the event one big chain reaction, in which one eruption triggered another--bang, bang, bang!--in sequence? Or did everything go off together as a consequence of some greater change in the sun's global magnetic field?"
Further analysis may yet reveal the underlying trigger; for now, the team is still wrapping their minds around the global character of solar activity. One commentator recalled the old adage of three blind men describing an elephant--one by feeling the trunk, one by holding the tail, and another by sniffing a toenail. Studying the sun one sunspot at a time may be just as limiting.
"Not all eruptions are going to be global," notes Guhathakurta. "But the global character of solar activity can no longer be ignored."
Story Source:
The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by ScienceDaily staff) from materials provided by NASA. The original article was written by Dr. Tony Phillips.
Link: http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2010/12/101213154631.htm
Friday, January 28, 2011
Astronomy Picture of the Day
A Green Flash of Light Appeared over the Sun the Morning of January 4th in Europe
Thursday, January 27, 2011
Astronomy Picture of the Day
A Picture from the Hubble Telescope of Galaxy NGC 6946 - “The Fireworks Galaxy”
Wednesday, January 26, 2011
Tuesday, January 25, 2011
Astronomy Picture of the Day
An artist’s impression of what the lunar eclipse looked like at the beginning of January
Monday, January 24, 2011
The New Blog is Here!!!!
Welcome to The Modern Time Machine version 2!
The NEW Features:
*Astronomy Picture of the Day
*Videos
and much, much more.
We’re going to have featured articles on here every so often, so check in to see the newest updates on NASA, Science Daily.org, and other sources!
PLUS:
If you’d like your article published on here, send the link to me at: bernadette.punk@gmail.com
Sunday, January 23, 2011
2 Days Until TMTM Re-Launches!
What I’ve been setting up for the new blog:
1. Astronomy picture of the day
2. “Featured Articles” page
3. “Videos” page
4. Latest News (under featured articles and videos)
5. More Links
And that’s about it for now!
I’ll keep you guys posted, <3 Maddy
Tuesday, January 18, 2011
New Blog Launch Date!!!!
It's finally coming! The new and improved Modern Time Machine, with lots of new features, such as Astronomy Picture of the Day, videos, Featured Articles, and much more. All this will be coming on:
January 25th, 2011
January 25th, 2011
Sunday, January 9, 2011
Blogging From an iPod Touch 4…..
Hey guys so thanks to my new iPod i will probably be uploading nearly everything from updates on NASA, Stephen Hawking, and other things I normally go blah blah blah about. However, I am recreating how I write this blog. I need to make my posts shorter and have more pictures. LOL. Anyways, what a great way to start a brand new year! And while you wait for the next update, why don’t you look at the different landing spots that NASA sent the Apollo’s up to:
Monday, January 3, 2011
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